Insurance World

For most of us, insurance coverage represents a love-hate relationship. We hate paying for the premiums, but love having the right kind of coverage when it is needed. We realize that is important to have insurance coverage, but just the thought of contacting different insurance agents, or researching different insurance plans, can not only be a scary experience, but incredibly overwhelming. Knowing what types of insurance are available, and making sure you have the correct coverage for your life’s needs is a task that should be given careful consideration.

Using the following suggestions, whether you are a novice or a veteran insurance buyer, will help you to make critical insurance coverage decisions. First and most important, is to ask yourself the question; what kind of insurance do I need? There is auto insurance to protect yourself and others when driving. Health coverage is a vital issue to address, as well as life insurance, disability and long-term health care. If you have a home, you need to protect your most valuable possession with home-owners insurance. There are many types of insurance for each of the categories mentioned. Asking the right questions can make all of the difference in deciding on the policy that fits you best.

Auto Insurance

Auto insurance is required in most states. You may not be required to carry full coverage, which includes collision, comprehensive and medical coverage; but you are required to carry liability coverage. Liability is the foundation of any auto insurance policy. If you are at fault in an accident, your liability insurance will pay for the bodily injury and property damage expenses caused to others in the accident, including your legal bills. However, if your vehicle is damaged, the expense to repair it will not be covered without having a full coverage policy. Collision, comprehensive and medical coverage are for your benefit. Collision will pay for the repair to your vehicle, while comprehensive coverage will pay for damages to your car that weren’t caused by an auto accident. Medical payments coverage will pay for you and your passenger’s medical expenses after an accident. This coverage will pay no matter who is at fault.

Collision coverage is usually the most expensive part of a policy, you can choose a higher deductible, say $500 or $1000, and keep your premium costs down. If you have a newer vehicle and have a lien against it, the lending institution will require that you have full coverage. By working with a professional insurance agent, the agent would be able to give you many cost saving suggestions that you could take advantage of to lower your rates, and still give you the coverage you need.

Health Insurance

Health insurance is one of the largest expenses that we face today. Educating yourself about the different types of health insurance available will assist you with your insurance buying decision. There are many types of plans, but essentially two kinds of health insurance: Fee-for Service and Managed Care.

Fee-for-Service assumes that the medical professional will be paid a fee for services provided. Managed Care encompasses various plans and can include: health maintenance organizations (HMOs), preferred provider organizations (PPO), or point-of-service (POS). These plans provide comprehensive health services to their members and offer financial incentives to their members to use providers in their network. Health insurance is one of the least understood types of insurance; many people feel they do not need health coverage, but just one major illness or accident can force you into bankruptcy when you can’t pay your bills. This is why you need to understand all the different types of plans available and what plan would best suit your needs and budget. Meeting with an insurance professional and asking the right questions, can save you many sleepless nights of worry and provide you with some peace of mind.

Life Insurance

There are some basic things to consider when you are assessing your life insurance needs. You should first consider your financial situation and the standard of living you would want your dependents or survivors to maintain. Would you want a policy that would cover funeral expenses and final medical bills, or do you have a family to consider where your coverage would also pay outstanding debts, child-rearing expenses, and educational costs? There are two main types of life insurance available. They are Term Life and Permanent or Whole Life.

Term provides death benefit protection for a specified period of time. You can buy a policy in increments of 10, 20 or 30 years. These are usually less expensive, but your rates can increase each time you renew your policy. With Permanent, the costs of the policy are stretched out over a longer period of time, usually spread out over your entire life. Permanent can also be used as a savings vehicle. Once the premium has been paid, the company invests the additional funds. It’s a very important choice as to what insurance company you choose. A knowledgeable and experienced agent can answer all of these and your personal questions about life insurance.

Disability Insurance

Is disability insurance really necessary? Many of us can easily become sick or disabled tomorrow and not be able to work for two or three months. Would you have enough savings to cover your living expenses? There are two types of disability insurance. Short term and long term disability.

Short term will pay you a percentage of your salary for a short period of time. These policies are usually not very expensive, and usually cover a period of three to six months. Long term disability insurance picks up where your short term leaves off. Long term will pay a percentage of your salary until you are 65 years old. Disability insurance can be costly when you by it on your own, but it should be a part of everyone’s financial plan. It could easily be argued that you need disability coverage more than life insurance.

Long-term care Insurance

Another form of insurance that people around 50 years of age should consider is long term care insurance. There are many confusing forms of this insurance, but it essentially covers costs you would incur when you can no longer perform activities of daily living, such as dressing yourself, bathing yourself, or the need of skilled nursing care at home or in a care facility. Medicare and Medicare supplemental insurances don’t cover most long term care expenses. This is a very important insurance, you would need the help of an insurance professional, one who specializes in long term care insurance, to make sure you have the best coverage to fit your long term care needs.

Homeowner’s Insurance

If you are a homeowner and you have a mortgage on your home, your lender requires you to have homeowner’s insurance. There is much more to consider than how much your coverage will cost, you need an adequate policy that will give you the right level of protection; plus special provisions for your valuables and other possessions. You may need additional coverage for things such as earthquakes or floods. Before you get a policy, you will need to take an inventory of what you have in your home. Know what your insurance limits are, learn the difference between replacement-cost and actual-cash-value coverage. Again, consulting with an insurance professional and one who will listen and understands your specific needs is essential.

With all of the different types of insurances available, it is best to be prepared when selecting a policy. Choosing the wrong insurance policy can have disastrous consequences for both you and your family. There are many decisions that need to be made when looking for insurance, such as deciding what type of insurance you would need, and also considering what you can afford. You want to be able to speak to an insurance agent who will not pressure you or try to sell you insurance coverage you do not need. A professional can suggest and compare different plans and advise you which plan would best fit your own unique needs. All the while, offering this service at no cost to you.

If you’ve ever been tempted to decrease the sum insured for your home and contents in order to obtain a lower premium, think again. You may end up paying a far higher price than you imagined.

Whenever we take out an insurance policy, we are entering into a contract with the insurer. Whether household, motor vehicle, personal accident or any other type of policy, it is a legally binding contract between the insurer and the insured.

For householders, insurance of home building and contents is vital, not merely for peace of mind but to maintain the lifestyle they are accustomed to if the unthinkable should happen.

There are several aspects to consider when purchasing household insurance.

• The insured has a duty to disclose to the insurer anything that they know or could reasonably be expected to know is relevant to the insurer’s decision to accept the risk and, if so, on what terms. For obvious reasons, this is called the Duty of Disclosure.

• Each party to the contract (i.e.: insured and insurer) has an obligation to each other in accordance with the clause of Utmost Good Faith.

Utmost good faith means that in every dealing between insured and insurer, all parties are obliged to act in a totally scrupulous manner – that is: in a spirit of Utmost Good Faith. This clause overrides all other clauses in the policy and is the measure by which the majority of insurance disputes are settled.

• The sum insured is a major consideration when taking out an insurance policy. It not only affects the cost of the premium but the insurer’s liability if a claim is made. For home building and contents insurance, the sum insured is, arguably, the most crucial aspect and the importance of “getting it right” cannot be overstated.

According to The Insurance Council of Australia, approximately 43 per cent of home building and/or contents policyholders are significantly underinsured.

Determining the Sum Insured

For many people, determining exactly how much to insure their home building and contents for is a daunting task. It needn’t be, however, with a few guidelines to follow.

Most insurance companies offer replacement cover for household policies – or “new for old” so it is important to insure the building and contents for their full replacement value, not their value after depreciation.

• Home building insurance: The sum insured is based on the total cost involved in rebuilding the property to its original or a comparative state. In addition to the actual building expenses, this includes the costs of demolition and removal of debris as well as any associated engineering, architectural and council requirements. Consultation with a professional builder or property valuer is recommended.

• Home Contents Insurance: The most effective way of determining the sum insured for contents insurance is to conduct a room-by-room inventory. Simply go into every room, listing the individual items in each. Next to each item, write down how much it would cost to buy that item brand new.

Most insurers provide literature, online information and calculators to assist with determining sums insured.

As previously stated, the sum insured determines the insurer’s level of liability in the event of a claim. If the property is underinsured, the result can turn an already traumatic event into something more devastating.

Some insurance policies contain an “average clause” or “co-insurance clause.” What this means is that in the event of a claim, if a property is found to be significantly underinsured, the liability of the insurer will decrease commensurate with the level of underinsurance.

Let’s look at a hypothetical example without the average clause:

A home is gutted as a result of bushfire. There is nothing retrievable. The homeowner had insured the building for $200,000.00 and the contents for $10,000.00. When assessors inspected the ruins and collected all the information about what was lost, it was determined that the actual replacement value of the building was $400,000.00 and for the contents, $20,000.00.

The insurer, however, was only obliged to pay a total amount of $210,000.00, less any excess, and did this. The insured could not rebuild for the amount of the claim payment and had to settle for a much more modest home, fewer household contents and a significantly reduced standard of living.

Let’s look at another scenario with the average clause:

During a wild storm a tree falls onto a house, damaging the roof and part of the living room. Again, the building was insured for $200,000.00 and the contents for $10,000.00.

As in the previous example, loss assessors deemed the building’s actual value to be $400,000.00 and that of the contents, $20,000.00. The cost to repair the living room and roof is $30,000.00 and is well within the sum insured. However, the insurer was only obliged to pay an amount commensurate with the level of underinsurance.

The underinsurance level of the building was 50 per cent and so the insurer paid 50 per cent of the repair cost – i.e.: $15,000.00. Contents to the value of $8000.00 were also destroyed during the incident, however, the insurance payment, under the average clause, will be just $4000.00.

In total, the insurer paid $19,000.00, less any excess, when repairs to the building and replacement of contents actually cost $38,000.00.

These two examples highlight the importance of placing the correct value on home building and contents insurance policies and how decreasing sums insured to save a few dollars in premium costs is really quite a gamble that could have disastrous effects.

It far better to know that should an unfortunate incident occur, we can recover what is lost.

After all, isn’t that what insurance is all about?