Insurance World

Most people are generally covered under the group health plans provided by their own employer or by the spouse’s employer. Whichever way, coverage provided under the group insurance programs not only serves to control the medical expenses of employees, but also provides them with the security and peace of mind, which goes a long way in ensuring their loyalty towards the company.
Group plans can be broadly classified under small employer plans and large employer group plans. Texas government has made some provisions for the small employer group plans in that they do have to have to cover state mandated benefits that are to be covered by the large employer companies.
It is also important to point out that it is not mandatory for the employers to provide group health coverage. Also, the companies are not required to pay the premiums on behalf of their employees.
Small Employers Group Plans: To benefit from the small employers plans, the company should have between two to fifty employees. Another thing is that they should be full time employees putting in at least 30 hours of work every week. Part time or contractual employees are not eligible under this plan.
Large Employers Group Plans: To benefit from these plans, the company should have more than fifty employees. Also, another precondition is that the company should not be self funded or funded through organizations such as the churches, trade unions or any other professional organizations.
Being covered under the group plan makes sense because of the large number of employees involved. This is beneficial in the sense that the insurance company can give more coverage at reduced costs. Also, you can choose your priorities in your own group plan and another set of priorities in the plan of your spouse if he or she is also being covered through group plans that cover spouses also.

About 87 percent of the residents of Germany have statutory health insurance, i.e. GKV. As of May 2005, the GKV relied on 321 non-profit sickness funds to collect premiums from their members and pay health care providers according to negotiated agreements. Those who are not insured this way, mainly civil servants and the self-employed, receive health care through private for-profit insurance.
An estimate of 0,3 percent of the German population (around 250,000 people) has no health insurance at all. Some of them are so rich that they do not need it  but most of them are poor and receive health care through social assistance.
Statutory health insurance
There are three different categories of sickness funds: primary funds, substitute funds and “special” funds. Some workers are required to be members of the primary funds, e.g. if they earn less than the than the income ceiling (2006: EUR 3,937.50 per month / EUR 47,250.00 per year). Those earning more than that ceiling may be members on a voluntary basis, or they may have a choice of funds. Some of them automatically become members of a particular fund for example because of their occupation (company-based funds) or place of residence (local sickness funds). Some occupations have their own “special” funds, e.g. farmers or sailors.
Substitute funds are divided into two kinds: they provide health insurance to both white collar workers and blue collar workers earning more than the income ceiling. Membership is voluntary.
Both, employers and employees pay half of a member’s premiums, which in 2006 averaged between 13 and 14 percent of a worker’s gross earnings up to the contribution assessment ceiling (2006: EUR 3,562.50 monthly / EUR 42,750.00 p.a.). Premiums are fixed according to earnings rather than risk and are unaffected by the respective member’s marital status, family size, or health. Premiums are the same for all members within a particular fund with the same earnings.
Private health insurance
About eleven percent of Germany’s residents pay for private health insurance provided by some 40 for-profit insurance carriers. Many of those choosing private insurance are civil servants who want to secure percentage of their medical bills not covered by the government. Some sickness-fund members buy additional private insurance to cover such extras as a private room or a choice of physicians while in a hospital. Otherwise, the medical care provided to the publicly and privately insured is identical. In both cases the same medical facilities are used. Self-employed persons earning above the income ceiling must have private insurance. Members of a sickness fund who leave it for a private insurance carrier are not allowed to return to public insurance.
As opposed to the statutory heath insurance, contributions to the private insurance depend on the member’s age, gender, occupation and health status, that is, the individual risk. Although private insurance companies pay health care providers about twice the amount paid by the primary sickness funds, private insurance is often cheaper than statutory health insurance, especially for younger policyholders without dependents. As is the case for members of sickness funds, employees who have private insurance have half their premiums paid by their employers.